Majorca – Geography

Majorca – A Holiday DICKS Paradise? Map of Majorca Majorca in the Mediterranean Majorca is the largest of the 4 main Balearic Islands, located in the Mediterranean Sea, off the east coast of Spain. It is a highly popular holiday destination in the world, especially to Western European countries. Majorca’s capital city is Palma de Mallorca. Main Attractions for Tourists at Majorca North Majorca – * Serra de Tramuntana – large mountain range * Cap de Formentor – Northernmost cap of Majorca Valldemossa – Famous village related to composer, Chopin * Port de Soller – Village, port North Majorca is more scenic-tourism based compared to South Majorca, and features more natural attractions than artificial ones. Unlike South Majorca’s westernisation, North Majorca contains intact traditional culture. Much tourism in the north resides around beaches and the natural environment. South Majorca – * Cuevas de Drach – subterranea n cave * Es Trenc Beach – a beach.South Majorca is generally more westernised, Americanised, and tourist abundant. Resorts are designed to be extravagant and luxurious. Attractions are mostly man-made venues, such as casinos, night clubs, cruises, brothels, etc. That is not to say South Majorca lacks natural attractions; its beaches and landscape are just less visited. General – * Palma de Mallorca – Majorca’s capital city * Santa Maria Cathedral – Massive Gothic cathedral in Palma * Binissalem – specifically its wine * Prostitution – think what you will.Advantages/Disadvantages of Tourism Advantages – * Improved economy and wealth, which leads to†¦ * Improved infrastructure, which in turn†¦ * Improves local living conditions * Improves tourist conditions, welfare, accommodation, etc. * Rejuvenation/maintenance of historical and cultural interests * Sustainable tourism is emphasised and promoted * Employment created * Jobs and pay for locals Disadvantages – * Gradual disintegration of native ethnic culture to cater for tourists * Locals all generally speak fluent English Destruction of natural landscape * 25 tons of sand are removed from beaches by tourists with sticky bodies annually * Littering and pollution by the typically ignorant millionaire American tourist and his V8 truck(s) or the British drunk and his cardboard box * This kills the native flora/fauna of the island * Property Inflation * Locals are replaced in their houses by overseas aristocrats * Artificial Drought * Increased consumption of water by tourists, i. e. pools, cleaning, drinking, etc. combined with few days of rain equates to a growing lack of water* Majorca becomes over reliant on the tourism industry * Tourism sector makes up 95% of its economy Conclusion Is Majorca a holiday paradise or not? Google and its mechanics define paradise as: ‘†¦a place in which existence is harmonious; where there is only peace, prosperity, and happiness. ’ The definition for ‘holiday paradise’ would therefore be along the lines of†¦. ‘†¦a holiday ecosystem where the tourism infrastructure system is harmonious, prosperous, and provides happiness to the tourist. Note that the concept of a ‘holiday paradise’ comes from a tourists view (locals don’t have a holiday on the spot where they live, and the environment doesn’t have holidays). We can deduce from the definition of a ‘holiday paradise’ that Majorca is indeed a holiday paradise. Majorca does offer a tourism infrastructure that is harmonious, and prosperous whilst providing happiness to the tourist. Majorca’s tourist catering is at a sublime level, with a massive amount of services destined to be harmonious with a tourists needs.Majorca’s tourism industry is also extremely prosperous, making up 95% of its economy and providing plenty of healthy economic stimul ation for the locals. Most importantly of all, the tourist is happy in Majorca, which is why so many tourists go there in the first place. Majorca’s abundance of fascinating tourist attractions, such as its culture, beaches, caves, natural landscape, historic villages, night clubs, casinos, marinas, restaurants, brothels, as well as its compliance with the definition of a ‘holiday paradise’, proves that Majorca is without doubt a tourist’s holiday paradise.References http://www. mallorca-info. co. uk/where-to-stay-mallorca. html, Where to stay in Mallorca, (30/7/12– 5/8/12) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Balearic_Islands, Balearic Islands (26/7/12– 5/8/12) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Majorca, Majorca (26/7/12– 5/8/12) http://www. tripadvisor. co. uk/Attractions-g187462-Activities-Majorca_Balearic_Islands. html, Things to do in Majorca (1/8/12– 5/8/12) http://etravel. org/places/europe/spain/top-five-places-to-visit-in-mallorc a/, Top 5 places to Visit in Mallorca (31/7/12– 5/8/12) ttp://www. seemallorca. com/mallorca/guide. html, Introduction to Majorca (27/7/12– 5/8/12) http://www. akademifantasia. org/europe/top-5-natural-attractions-in-majorca/, Top 5 Natural Attractions in Majorca (2/8/12– 5/8/12) http://wikitravel. org/en/Mallorca, Mallorca (26/7/12– 5/8/12) http://www. majorca-mallorca. co. uk/, Welcome to Majorca (27/7/12– 5/8/12) http://www. geographypages. co. uk/major. htm, Majorca tourism Project(26/7/12– 5/8/12)

The Legality, Morality, and Social Responsibility

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was signed into law on March 23rd, 2010. The Act is a daring attempt by President Barack Obama to reform the healthcare system in the United States. The new healthcare reform act is historical because of its scope and size. Opponents to the healthcare act state it is an attempt to increase the size and power of the federal government and it is one of â€Å"the largest tax increase in the history of the world,† despite it being almost equally in size to President Clinton 1993 tax increase (â€Å"‘Obamacare’ isn’t the largest†, 2012).There is an abundance of questions surrounding the new healthcare act ranging from the constitutionality of Act to the ethical and moral ramifications of such wide sweeping legislation. This paper will attempt to answer some of these questions as they pertain to healthcare provider Florida Blue. We will also explore how Florida Blue is transitioning as a company under these ne w laws and their role as a socially responsible company in the community. On June 28, 2012, the Supreme Court rendered a final decision to uphold the Affordable Care Act.According to (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2008) this was possible due President Lincoln’s leadership, implementing the legal system; it was restored to be more liberal, justified, and democratic. The idea is that every law enables the government of the people, by the people, and for the people to make laws that befit the people. The constitution was effectively written to allow for flexibility. The new provisions would allow families and small business owners the ability to make choices that work best for them. The power of the government is divided into three branches judicial, executive, and legislative.In order for a bill to become law, all three branches of government must approve it. That separation of power is what does not allow one branch from becoming more powerful than any of the others. Under the law, the ne w â€Å"Patient’s Bill of Rights† gives the American people the stability and flexibility they need to make informed choices about their health. (Obama, 2013) The main purpose of President Obama’s bold healthcare reform was to address the affordability and quality of health care as well as to curb the growth of healthcare spending in the United States.Many of the provisions in the Affordable Care Act are aimed at fixing these major issues facing the U. S health care and insurance industries. In the idea of not only helping the people to consider and obtain health insurance. The group agrees that the law is constitutional and should be addressed, in most countries there are laws stating that you much have health insurance and based on your income you get it for free or you pay a very small amount. The United States has waited a long time to enact this law and should be enforce.Despite evidence to the contrary, explained in the joint dissent the Chief Justice name d Roberts, along with 4 other Justices Breyer, Ginsberg, Kagan, and Sotomayor upheld Obamacare’s â€Å"penalty imposed upon individuals’ failure to purchase federally-approved health insurance (the Individual Mandate) as within Congress’ taxing power. † A majority of the Court held that the Constitution’s Commerce Clause did not grant Congress the power to institute an individual mandate.A significant portion of the law’s Medicaid provision was partially overturned as an unconstitutional coercive federal spending condition imposed on the states. Instead of entirely striking down this provision, the Secretary of Health and Human Services is prevented from withholding current Medicaid federal spending to those states who decide not to participate in Obamacare’s Medicaid expansion. (Teller, 2012). Whether Obamacare was upheld as a proper exercise of Congress’ taxing power or through the commerce power is simply a distinction witho ut a difference.The law as it was before the Supreme Court decision is virtually the same as it was afterward. But, as a matter of legal precedent and technical legislating, such a determination is monumentally important in terms of how future cases of congressional power will be decided, as well as how bills are crafted for consideration. The Chief Justice’s opinion recognized the long-standing history of Congress attaching conditions upon states in exchange for receiving federal funding under Congress’ Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 spending power.17 The legitimacy of this power â€Å"†¦ rests on whether the State voluntarily and knowingly accepts the terms of the contract,† since the â€Å"Constitution has never been understood to confer upon Congress the ability to require States to govern according to Congress’s instructions. †18 When â€Å"pressure turns into compulsion, the legislation runs contrary to our system of federalism,† (Teller, 2012). Florida Blue, the largest health insurer in the state of Florida, had to reinstate 300,000 policies in order to meet the new Affordable Healthcare Act requirements.Florida Blue is attempting to offset many of these costly new healthcare requirements, which now include things such as maternity/newborn care, mental health services, substance abuse services, and emergency services. These services will now be covered by individual and small market plans. Under this new law anyone the government determines can afford healthcare, and does not purchase it by 2014, may have to pay a fine. This fee will be referred to as an individual responsibility payment, individual mandate or penalty.The Supreme Court of the United States has determined the Affordable Care Act, and its provisions, are constitutional and have upheld the legality of the act. Therefore a discussion regarding its legality would be mute. However, the ethical ramifications of the act are worthy of noting and di scussing. Ethics is one of the five branches of philosophy that deals with human character and how humans conduct themselves in society. Humans have the freedom of doing various activities that may benefit them, ethics is essential because it defines their character and conduct.In essence, ethics systematically assesses human activities in an attempt of establishing whether they are right or wrong. In a society where chaos and disorder prevails, ethics offers an appropriate solution because it provides moral values, principles, norms, and ideals, which humans should adhere to as standard practices of human conduct and behavior. According to (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2008), the goal of ethics is to understand the epistemology of human conduct and character so that it can define the best ways in which humans can co-exist and attain the real meaning of life.In this view, ethics enables humans to regulate their conduct and character in order to be more in line with the moral values, norms, ide als, and principles that society cherishes and upholds amidst chaos and confusion. To define and expound ethics, diverse philosophers have come up with theories and models such as utilitarianism, deontology, pragmatic ethics, and postmodern ethics. Hence, this term paper seeks to use utilitarian theory and model in assessing whether it is moral for Florida Blue to implement President Obama's health care reform act.Utilitarian theory is the dominant ethical theory that philosophers and ethicists apply when analyzing human conduct and character. John Stuart Mill is one of the pioneers and proponents of utilitarian theory. Fundamentally, utilitarian theory belongs to the category of consequential theories that assess morality based on the consequences of an action. According to Mill (2010), rightness or wrongness of an action is dependent on its consequences rather than the nature of the action.On this assertion, utilitarian theory rejects the assessment of morality based on the action s. Hence, utilitarian theory assumes that human actions have no morality in themselves unless assessed using their consequences. Cavico and Mujtaba (2009) argue that an action is morally right if its consequences are good, and it is morally wrong if its consequences are bad. Hence, the consequences of an action are central in determining if an action is right or wrong. The utilitarian theory also assesses the degree of morality or the extent to which an action is right or wrong.According to the utilitarian theory, for an action to be morally right, it must generate greatest happiness or pleasure to most people and cause the least pain and harm (Mill, 2010). In this view, the theory does not only assess the degree of morality basing on the consequences, but also assesses morality basing on the number of people that gain happiness or experience pain. In the examination of utilitarian theory, (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009) state that the consequence of an action should be good and beneficial to most people in the society.In this view, utilitarian theory requires consideration of action’s consequence and the number of people that experience happiness or pain. Thus, an action is morally right if its consequences are good and beneficial to most stakeholders, and it is morally wrong if its consequences are bad and harmful to most stakeholders. The use of the utilitarian model in the assessment of human actions provides a quantitative way of analyzing morality. The utilitarian model apportions numerical values to goodness and badness of an action’s consequences.The goodness of an action has a positive scale of 1 to 5 (1 to 5) while the badness of an action has a negative scale of 1 to 5 (-1 to -5). Zero is an intermediate value on the scale, which shows that actions’ consequence is neither good nor bad to a specific stakeholder. The utilitarian model quantifies the degree of pleasure and pain, which are consequences of an action (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009) . Therefore, the term paper utilizes the utilitarian model in establishing if it is moral for Florida Blue to implement the Affordable Health Care plan. 1.The act that the term paper seeks to evaluate using the utilitarian model is whether it is moral for Florida Blue to implement the Affordable Health Care plan. 2. The following are the stakeholders that the implementation of the health care reform affects, both directly and indirectly. a) The government The foreseeable good is that the government will improve general health of the population, and thus enhances the health of the nation. However, the foreseeable bad consequence is that the cost necessary to sustain health care reforms may not be sustainable in the end.b) Health care system The foreseeable good of the health care reforms is that the health care system will offer improved quality of healthcare services (Rosenbaum, 2011). Given that quality of healthcare services depend on many factors, the foreseeable bad is that the quality of care may deteriorate with time. c) Florida Blue The foreseeable good of the health care reform in Florida Blue is that it will increase the number of patients and thus improve its growth. However, Florida Blue may not be able to satisfy the demands of the patients.d) Insurance companies If Florida Blue implements health reforms, the foreseeable good is that it will provide a competitive environment for insurance companies. The foreseeable bad consequence is that the insurance companies will increase insurance premiums. e) Healthcare providers and working environment The foreseeable good of the health reforms is that it will improve competence, remuneration packages, and the working environment of healthcare providers. Since the number of patients will increase in Florida Blue, theforeseeable bad consequence is that healthcare providers will have to perform extra duties to serve all patients. f) Patients The foreseeable good among patients is that they will receive quality services that they have been unable to afford. Nevertheless, the foreseeable bad consequence is that the quality of healthcare services offered to patients may deteriorate with time. g) Citizens and society Since health care reforms legally require citizens to acquire health insurance coverage, the foreseeable good is improved health and lifespan of the people.However, the foreseeable bad consequence is that the cost of health insurance may increase and become unaffordable to many people. Quantification of Good and Bad Consequences Stakeholders Foreseeable Good Foreseeable Bad a) The government +5 -2 b) Health care system +4 -3 c) Florida Blue +3 -3 d) Insurance companies +5 -1 h) Healthcare providers +3 -3 e) Environment +4 -2 f) Patients +5 -2 g) Citizens +3 -3 h) Society +4 -2 i) Total 37 -22 Conclusion The assessment of the act of implementing the affordable health care plan in Florida shows that it has more good than bad.Since the good consequences of implementing Obamaâ€℠¢s health care reform outweigh the bad consequences, from the utilitarian perspective, it implies that the act is moral in the case of Florida Blue. The utilitarian analysis shows that Florida Blue should implement health reforms to improve healthcare services that it provides to all stakeholders. Another major ethical work exploring is the Kantian Ethical Principle. Kantian ethics originated from the German philosopher Immanuel Kant.It revolves around his work—Groundwork (or Foundation) of the Metaphysics of Morals (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). The basis of Kant’s work was reason. Kant deduced that reason is the source for morality. To Kant, morality relied only on human reason. His definition and elaboration on morality excluded conscience, law, and utility. According to Kant, to be moral is to be rational (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). Morality and rationality must coexist; therefore, morality consists of acting rationally. It must be noted, however, that rationality must be employed to arrive at a moral conclusion.The intellectual use of reason, or â€Å"intellectualism†, is a form of egoism and does not serve a purpose toward morality (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). In comparison to the utilitarian approach, the Kantian approach does not take into account happiness when deciding morality. Kant deduced that dignity and worth were not fulfilled from a sense of happiness, but rather from the ability to reason. After all, it can be argued that the human ability to reason is the only differentiation from other species. Happiness, or the lack there of, is not an appropriate measure for morality.In summary of Kantian ethics, it is not arriving at a moral conclusion that is the challenge (any rational human can do that), it is possessing the self-control to follow through with what is right, regardless of consequences. The Categorical Imperative is the principle which Kant called the â€Å"supreme ethical principle† (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). A catego rical imperative regards certain actions are absolutely vital, regardless of desires or end result. The rules that surround moral conduct are, according to Kant, absolute. Kant went on to create a â€Å"test† to discern between moral and immoral actions.His categorical imperative must satisfy three conditions, without exception. The three conditions that an action must have to be moral are as follows: 1) the action must have the possibility to be made consistently universal, 2) it must respect rational beings as ends in themselves, and 3) the action must stem from and respect the autonomy of rational beings. Kant concluded that by satisfying the aforementioned conditions, the question of morality would be unaffected by consequences, personal gain, and compulsions. Instead, any rational human being would be able to rationalize the morality of actions by fulfillment of his three tests.In determining the morality of the Affordable Care Act using Kant’s Categorical Imperat ive, the main point of focus will be the morality to the intended benefactors (United States citizens and legal residents) from the law. The first test forces one to ask oneself: can the Affordable Care Act be applied universally? For argument’s sake, â€Å"universally† implies throughout the United States for this analysis. Furthermore, satisfaction of the first test eliminates any individuals from regarding themselves as â€Å"special. † Rather, nobody is exempt from the moral â€Å"law.† The Affordable Care Act will require U. S. citizens and legal residents to obtain healthcare. Healthcare for all U. S. citizens and legal residents can be consistently universal. Furthermore, with proper planning, the idea behind the Affordable Care Act can be sustained. Currently, the U. S. has many uninsured pockets of people that are unable to get a routine medical exam without a hefty fee. Although there are caveats in the Affordable Care Act, it can be applied ove rall to the majority of the population. The Kantian tests for determining morality disregard â€Å"privilege.† Instead, by applying universal healthcare, a rational person can deduce that everyone obtaining healthcare is logical and consistent. The first test is satisfied. Kant’s second test is called the â€Å"Kingdom of Ends† test. This test works to further eliminate the possibility of immorality by taking into account the human condition. Kant states that,†each people must be treated by every other person as an end† (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). Again, we are forced to reexamine whether the Affordable Care Act treats each person with â€Å"dignity and respect and as a valuable and worthwhile entity.† The current state of healthcare denies various groups of people the ability to obtain medical care. Through his second test, Kant holds the intrinsic worth of human beings as an undeniable truth. Thus, by existing as a human, one has an unconditio nal value. Because a rational human would be able to identify their own intrinsic value, so would they be able to identify that value in others. The Affordable Care Act extends healthcare coverage to individuals that would previously have no viable options. In addition, it minimizes discrimination by encompassing groups of people that have consistently gone without healthcare coverage.By expanding Medicaid to 133% of the federal poverty level, alone, the government is extending its recognition of intrinsic worth to those that have been previously disregarded. The â€Å"Kingdom of Ends† test is centered on human dignity; by extending healthcare coverage, the U. S. government has empowered more individuals to be free to make a choice of what medical services to pursue. Although the implementation of the Affordable Care Act may result in higher costs to the public, the self-interest of individuals is not a basis for determining morality.Rather, the freedom, empowerment, and reco gnition of intrinsic worth provided by the activation of the Affordable Care Act satisfies the second test. The final test is deemed the â€Å"Agent-Receiver Test†. This third test allows for further dissection of an act. The use of the â€Å"Agent-Receiver Test† in relation to the Affordable Care Act is extremely relevant and allows for a more black-and-white approach by further stripping any vested self-interest. A rational person must be able to accept the action or rule, regardless if they are the agent (giver) or receiver of the action or rule (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009).Would an individual accept the Affordable Care Act whether they were supplying or receiving the benefits? In this case, there are stereotypically many white collar, upper middle-class U. S. citizens that oppose the act because of the implied rise is costs for themselves. However, a rational person would be able to remove their selfish motive by analyzing it from the point of view of the receivers. Sa y the individual was, instead, an uninsured, 20-something pregnant woman barely living above the federal poverty line, would they still oppose the act?The Affordable Care Act allows healthcare to become more impartial to people using it. The â€Å"Agent-Receiver† test, thus, proves the act moral. Analyzing such a complex act, such as the Affordable Care Act, does present exceptions and caveats as it is currently written. The overall basis behind the creation and implementation of the act aims to value more humans and increase dignity and self-worth. By removing individual motive and self-interest, the Kantian model for determining morality strives to decide morality based on impartial tests.After reviewing and applying the three tests to the Affordable Care Act, we have found it is moral. The theory of ethical emotism is centered on feelings and emotions (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2009). David Hume is credited as one of the most important contributors to the idea of the emotist theor y. The theory is ethical emotism lies on the other side of ethical theory spectrum from the Kantian model. In the Kantian model, reason is the basis for morality, but in ethical emotism, reason is merely a tool employed to help one judge morality.In ethical emotism, the act itself is not used to decide morality, rather the feelings from the act are what is important. Morality is viewed as a purely emotional response and is, therefore, extremely subjective under this theory. Although ethical emotism is, on the surface, a rather simple measure of morality, it often overlaps with ethical relativism and utilitarianism. The concepts behind ethical emotism can be laid out simply. If one has positive emotions towards an act, the act is deemed moral and good. If one has negative emotions toward an act, that act would be deemed immoral or bad.In terms of the morality surrounding the Affordable Care Act, ethical emotism can present some consequences that will not allow for a sound moral concl usion. First and foremost, this theory relies heavily (entirely) on emotions and emotions may be very subjective. When employing the emotist theory, the Affordable Care Act must be analyzed from the perspective of each group affected and/or involved. Because of the subjectivity of emotions, different groups of people will feel different ways, thus, creating the large possibility of different moral conclusions.As an example, a 24 year old, recent college graduate, in an entry level, minimal salary position may feel positively about the act because they can be under their parents’ insurance for an additional two years. The implementation of Affordable Care Act is moral in this instance because of the positive feelings felt by the receiver. However, five years later, this same individual may be earning a higher income, invested in real estate, and covering their own health insurance with no assistance—their feelings may have changed. The aforementioned individual likely h as negative feelings regarding the Affordable Care Act because of higher taxes.In this sense, the implementation of the Affordable Care Act is immoral. The changing of one’s feeling is a big consequence of the ethical emotism theory. Since individuals will deem the Affordable Care Act moral or immoral based on their own individual feelings, reaching a general and standardized consensus is impossible. From the prospective of those becoming eligible for obtaining healthcare, the act is likely moral. Those individuals have not had or have lost the opportunity to make decisions about their health and are feeling extremely positive about the act.On the other hand, individuals who have had no problem covering their healthcare insurance costs could have feelings of disapproval towards the Affordable Care Act. In their case, the act is seen as simply a probable increase in their own taxes. Moral conclusions are subjective under the ethical emotism theory and must be addressed individ ually. Many different theories can be used to help decipher morality, especially on large-scale issues like the Affordable Care Act. However, each theory must be maximized, while taking into account the consequences that accompany each train of thought.The above theories discussed use various criteria to determine morality. However, ethics and morality become an even greater point of focus when applied to real world scenarios. Ethics and morality must transcend their place as theories of study and come into play in our current world. In the case of Florida Blue, it is certain they will have to embrace the Affordable Care Act if they want to continue as a functioning healthcare provider. As the company will likely continue to grow in size and influence, they will likely take a closer look at their role within American society.It is becoming a common trend among many high stature corporations to integrate a humane tactic into their company’s strategic plans. Companies are begin ning to give back to the community, while in return noticing the positive reaction consumers are developing towards their product especially when they see the company’s brand is perceived in a positive and philanthropic light. Now more than ever before, corporations have taken notice of the increased benefits being perceive as a positive, giving company can bring such as an increased rate of profitable.This sincere act of kindness, which no company is legally liable to fulfill, is what we call social responsibility. Social responsibility is the act of an entity to provide a need for the community. When a corporation takes the initiative to create a solution for society, they are deemed as a socially responsible firm. The organization is not necessarily the last resort or the only solution to the problem, however the corporation takes ownership of the need and the responsibility for creating a solution for a particular problem their consumers face.The success factors and formu lation of fulfilling the act of a socially responsible entity, quoted by (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2008), according to Banks, a few reasons for being a socially responsible firm is by â€Å"1) obtaining a â€Å"social license† to operate from key stakeholders, 2) ensuring â€Å"sustainable competitiveness,† 3) creating new business opportunities, 4) attracting and retaining quality investors and business partners, 5) securing cooperation from local communities, 6) avoiding difficulties due to socially irresponsible behavior, 7) obtaining governmentsupport, and 8) building â€Å"political capital. † Florida Blue, formerly known as Blue Cross Blue Shield of Florida, is a not-for-profit health insurance company that strives on social responsibility. In preparation for the Affordable Care Act, Florida Blue has prepared several different tools for consumers to utilize to educate themselves about the new law that will eventually have an effect on everyone in the U. S. Flori da Blue has created a Health Care Reform eBook that can be downloaded on any tablet. This eBook is constantly being updated as changes are continuously being made to the law.Also, to ensure they are doing their due diligence as an educational source for the community, the app is available in English, Spanish and Creole. According to Florida Blue CEO, Pat Geraghty, between the 16, soon to be 18, Retail Centers across the state the company will have organized over 3,000 Health Care Reform seminars by the end of the year. As a socially responsible company, these tools Florida Blue has put tremendous amounts of effort into creating, are not only available to Florida Blue members, but they are available to the general public.Whether you are insured with another company, not insured at all, or insured with Florida Blue, the organization prides on being a tool for Floridians to turn to in reaction to this new law that has many consumers dumfounded. In addition to being accessible by any me mber of our community, all of these tools are complimentarily available to the consumer market. Florida Blue has been in preparation for Health Care Reform since 2006 when they opened their first Retail Center.With the Affordable Care Act implementing a new focus gearing towards individual plans, and steering away from the well-known and accustomed group plan, Florida Blue has built these Retail Centers to accommodate selling to the individual rather than selling to the employer (â€Å"Health Insurance Companies†, 2013). These Retail Centers offer the face-to-face experience that consumers need and allow health care shoppers and customers to build a relationship with one individual agent that they can rely on and come back to time and time again with any questions and concerns.In addition to face-to-face Retail Centers, there is a FloridaBlueHealthCareReform. com website that anyone can visit, a Health Care Reform hotline facilitated by employees trained to specialize in the Affordable Care Act, and customers can also call into any Retail Center and talk to any sales or service consultant over the phone just as you would meet with them in person. In any recommendation of social responsibility it would be a wise business decision for a company to partake in socially responsible acts.As (Cavico & Mujtaba, 2008), state, â€Å"business also gains an improved public image by being socially responsible. An enhanced social image should attract more customers and investors and thus provide positive benefit for the firm. † For a company to engage in community affairs in order to enhance the level of success it would be somewhat foolish not to participate in socially responsible acts in an effort in improve your company’s prosperity, while achieving greater good for consumers.Overall, is it a legal requirement for companies to be socially responsible? No. Is it implied that companies should partake in some type of social responsibility to enhance th e well-being of the community in order for them to be considered a moral organization? Yes. It is solely up to the discretion of a corporation and their shareholders whether they determine to provide a socially responsible contribution for their consumers, but more than likely it is in their benefit to give back to the community they operate in and engage in socially responsible acts.To be perceived in a positive manner, generally has a positive return on investment for the company and their shareholders. It is simple to determine that being socially responsible has a positive impact on all parties involved in the act. As mentioned earlier in this paper, the legality of the Affordable Care Act, and its implementation by Florida Blue, has been deemed legal by the Supreme Court.Ethical analysis of the Affordable Care Act and Florida Blue using the Utilitarian and Kantian ethical theories have all proven both the Act, and the implementation of the Act by Florida Blue, to be ethical. It was also shown that using the Ethical Emotism theory for such a complex matter would provide mixed results and no definitive answer would likely ever be reached. Florida Blue continues to develop tools that help explain and guide the average consumer through the new healthcare process.By providing information to all consumers-not just their clients, holding fairs and encouraging face-to-face contact, they are continually shaping the public’s perception of their company and attempting to show the public they are committed to assisting them regardless of whether or not they are members. It would be in Florida Blue’s benefit to continue to show good will and become further engaged in the neighborhoods where they operate. It is our opinion that Florida Blue will continue to grow as they now have access to new groups of people seeking insurance.

My Communication Style Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My Communication Style - Essay Example Many of the customers possess the communication style of being a questioner and an asserter. As they are on the receiving part, they tend to ask in-depth questions and try to clear out all possible level of queries with the customer service representative. Some customers are harsh and some are cool and patient. Different types of customers need to be dealt according to their nature of questions. At the end of the day, there are certain goals and objective that I have to accomplish and be accountable to my management. Hence to achieve these goals I need to constantly improvise my communication skills. At certain times, some difficulties may lead to undesirable conversations which may lead to conflicts with the customers. The Perfectionist : While dealing with a perfectionist I would ensure that I give in all the details and also accomplish all my goals while dealing with customers. Since the perfectionist wants detail oriented conversation, all details would be provided The Achiever: When an achiever style of communication comes forward, as I too am an achiever, the conversation would be enjoyable as well as logical. As both the customer and I would be clear and logical on whatever is being communicated. The Romantic: While dealing with a Romantic style communication of the customer, I would make the customer talk more about their feelings and perceptions about the product or service so that they feel motivated and feel important during conversation. The Observer: I would ask the Observer style of customer to clear their queries as such customers do not share their feelings. Being an achiever, I would ask them to share their though process and convey my opinions accordingly. The Questioner: I would communicate with a style that is not confusing and in which the customer does not have any doubts because such customers are very particular about

Methoud of enquiery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Methoud of enquiery - Essay Example It will evaluate the impact of bad publicity on consumer’s perception at Primark. How do consumers react? Does it affect the purchasing behaviour towards Primark’s products? Does it affect sales? Or does it have no effect? Literature review There has been very little relative research conducted on ethical decision making and purchase behaviour. This area of research has received little attention from researchers. There have been some studies on â€Å"environmental ethical concerns and purchase behaviour† but there is little food to fodder for in other areas. These studies were conducted after the consumerism movement of the 1970s in which they tried to find out about the consumer who is conscious of the impact of his consumption on the public and wants to use his purchasing power to bring about change. As opposed to work done earlier on environmentally concerned consumption, through our work, we are trying to establish how ethical concerns in Primark will affect purchase behaviour. The paper will revolve around how purchase behaviour is dependent on moral judgement owing to their use of illegal immigrants. Illegal human behaviour been practiced before in other countries. In South Africa, consumers tend to be concerned about abuse of human rights in a foreign country. Similarly consumers and their concern for animal rights becomes a major factor when consumers consider purchasing products that have been tested on animal. The research is intended to improve an understanding of how consumer behaviour i is affected by bad publicity and unethical practices conducted in an organization. It has important implications in business ethics and marketing. (Barling, 2005) In his book, Morality and the Market, McMurrian explains how market can play an influential role between the arbiter of good and bad business practice. According to McMurrian, ethical purchase behaviour is described as â€Å" an expression of the individual’s moral judgmenet in his or her purchase behaviour†. (McMurrian, 1990) Smith did a research on consumer boycotts due to ethical purchase behaviour. For instance, the consumer boycott of Barclays Bank turned out to be the most influential reason behind the with drawl of Barclays bank from South Africa. The major impact of the ethical behavior within an organization is on it stakeholders. The main stakeholders of a business can be categorized as either internal or external.In internal stakeholders, the most important are employees at all levels. It is important that employees are clearly aware of the implicit and explicit ethical behavior observed within an organization. It should be re-enforced by the top level management tactfully. This will create a positive working environment within an environment, encouraging healthy competition, friendly relationship among employees, higher productivity and greater satisfaction of the employees. Workforce will feel more confident about their work if they are treated equally and appreciated and appraised liked other employees. The external stakeholders of an organization play an important role for an organization to become morally responsible organization. The most important stakeholders are customers, suppliers and public. Most organizations have become customer-oriented and to achieve maximum customer satisfaction, they must become ethical to develop loyal customers. Ethical dealing with suppliers will

Critiquing Marijuana Legislation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Critiquing Marijuana Legislation - Essay Example The author of the essay "Is there any Justice: Marijuana as Medicine - the Case for Legalization" begins with that the legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes is viewed by many as one of the worst things that we could do. There are many reasons that people feel that marijuana should not be legalized for medical uses. Marijuana is an illegal substance and until that is changed; prescribing it is against the law. Dr. Jerome Kassirer wrote that, "Attorney General Janet Reno announced that physicians in any state who prescribe the drug could lose the privilege of writing prescriptions, be excluded from medicare and Medicaid reimbursements, and even be prosecuted for a federal crime". Government officials are not the only ones to object to the legalization of marijuana. Another objection to the legalization of marijuana is shown in "Marijuana for the Sick", where it is pointed out that many parents object to the legalization of marijuana for medical uses. Their objections come fr om a reasonable concern that there has been an increase in the use of marijuana by teenagers. Their concern is expanded since the marijuana of today is much more potent than the marijuana of a few decades ago. Another concern regarding the legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes is that there is strong evidence that shows that regular use of marijuana for long periods of time could cause severe lung damage. If the use of marijuana could damage a patient's lungs, then the risk could outweigh the benefit. The strongest point that many make opposing the legalization of marijuana is that there just is no clear evidence that smoking marijuana can help an individual who is ill (Abrams, Child & Mitchell, 2005). History of Marijuana and its use in medical field The history of the beneficial use of marijuana is a long one. Marijuana is one of the oldest drugs known to man, the use of which has been documented as far back as 2700 B.C. in a Chinese manuscript (Bakalar & Grinspoon, 2007) Although no actual studies were performed at the time, the simple fact that marijuana had been used for such an extensive period of time, shows that it can be used as a beneficial substance in helping those who are ailing. There has been research done in more recent times on the effectiveness of marijuana. Many reports are in favor of utilizing medical marijuana. In 1839, a respected member of the Royal Academy of Science, Dr. W. B. O'Shaugnessy, was one of the first in the medical profession, who presented positive facts dealing with marijuana and medicine (Bakalar & Grinspoon, 2007). In one Journal of American Medical Association article, "Marijuana as Medicine, a Plea for Reconsideration" stated that from 1840 to 1900, more than one hundred articles by Ameri can and European medical journals were published that showed the therapeutic uses of marijuana. Now recall the first criteria for a drug to be considered a controlled

CREATE ONE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

CREATE ONE - Essay Example as demonstrated by the British Prime Minister, David Cameron, of refusing to participate in the Ukraine crisis talks, suggests that the once internationally relevant nation in history; is slowly losing its focus. In stating this, I do not wish to suggest that Britain draws its relevance or respect from its entire participation in any international crisis. Instead, I wish to point out that the nation is missing when it is increasingly required to feature, and for that, it is losing its international influence. Your article has rightly and accurately observed that Britain’s alliance is no longer central to any nation (Erlanger, n.p.). Britain did not join France and Germany when they went to hold a peace talk between the Presidents of Russia and Ukraine, as a way of resolving the Ukraine crises. However, if my memory serves me right, Britain was engaged in both the Syrian and the Libyan crises, and not just engaged, but embroiled in them. Right now, it is two of her European counterparts that are involved in a security crisis that does not only threaten the two nations, but also the entire European Union’s stability. What does Britain do in this case? She avoids the peace meeting that would resolve the crisis without creating much instability in the region. This would easily cause anyone to think that Britain is surely misplacing its priorities or does not have any at all. That however is not the greatest of my concern. The non-uniform response to crisis that has been shown by Britain is what worries me even more. Why should Britain decide to engage in the Syrian and the Libyan Crisis, but snub the Ukraine crisis peace talk? Your article has observed that Britain’s future in the European Union is unclear (Erlanger, n.p.). But even though, shouldn’t Britain be more concerned about a crisis that is looming within the European region, than it should be concerned with the crisis in the Middle East or Africa? Again, in arguing so, I do not wish to suggest that

The tempest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The tempest - Essay Example Shakespeare’s magic in â€Å"The Tempest† is sophisticated and metaphorical since it belongs to a powerful and wise wizard Prospero. Prospero`s magic is expressed in many ways in a play and it has multiple meanings as well. Magic can be interpreted as a special art, as a sum of knowledge, as a gift, as a power, as the ability to manipulate and control others. In the beginning of the play though it becomes clear that knowledge is the core of Prospero`s magic as the reader learns about the value of his books. Despite his experience, Prospero learnt magic from his books that is why he is vulnerable without them. Even Caliban understand that Prospero`s skills are dependent on his books: Prospero`s experience and his ability to rule others is also part of his magic, his special technique. Some readers can perceive Prospero as cruel and violent as he uses others tests them or punishes them when necessary. The loyalty of his spirit Ariel saves Prospero several times. Prospero knows that and emphasizes how much he relies on the help of the creatures weaker than him: Opposite to Sycorax`s magic, which is uncontrollable, brutal, and animalistic, Prospero`s magic is an art of wise and experienced man. But understanding its role in his life Prospero decides to quit it finally and become an ordinary man. His experience and knowledge of human nature allow Prospero to be influential without

Attraction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Attraction - Essay Example It is also possible that the other individual is repelled when it comes to the liking and disliking discussion. Speaking from a very spiritual perspective, it is up to the human beings as to how they see the basis of their life shaping up and what measures they enact in order to decide between the good and the bad, the virtue and the evil. It is also a known truth that evil seems to make home within the hearts of the human beings in a faster manner than goodness would do. (Author Unknown, 2006) This is because there is more attraction in going towards the evil and actually committing to it as compared to the good deeds that are also in abundance in this world. The difference is that good deeds make their way within our hearts in a slow but calming way. However it is also a known piece of information that virtue has its own way of reaching our hearts and just like water it chooses its own route, no matter how tough the barriers ought to be. Thus attraction is a very complex system to understand in the sheerest sense. As human beings age, they start developing feelings which they did not have in the past. Then again as they grow older, they start getting away from things they found attractive in the yesteryears. There are different comprehensions when it comes to getting aged. Age changes the different nuances of attraction and quite rightly so. With that the circumstances that take their toll on a person with the changing times and events, also shape up the manner under which his attractive intents are altered or amended. He might like a particular thing when he is a teenager but will laugh off the belief that he actually liked such a thing in the past, at a later stage. Experiences also shape up the way people perceive attraction. A grown up individual would most likely get attracted to intellect and knowledge while a teenager would go for looks and worldly possessions in a person. Therefore it would be right to deduc e that attraction is a very complex phenomenon which has more levels of understanding within it than the human mind can even think of. Getting attracted to a person of the opposite gender is just one of the aspects that come under this debate. (Sprecher, 2002) Infatuation is one form of attraction that develops in a person when he sees someone from the opposite gender. He feels that this is some form of love which has come for his own good yet this is a short term phenomenon which takes over his mind and heart completely. He starts believing in the power of love but what he forgets is the fact that this is mere infatuation at the end of the day and nothing else. Infatuation, if continued for a long period of time could change into love but there are very less chances of this happening. Usually this fades away after a certain period of time. Attraction similarly is a phenomenon which fades off after the individual exhibits certain actions and/or behaviors which are not appreciated by the party which has the attraction button activated within his own personality. (Langford, 1999) These feelings can also change with the passage of considerable time, someone else entering into this person's life or any other reason. It would be correct to stat e that attraction is indeed a very diverse subject and needs to be broken into smaller sub-segments so that the understanding is drawn out

What is political legitimacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

What is political legitimacy - Essay Example John Locke’s view of political legitimacy emphasizes the necessity of respect for human rights and transfer of authority based on consent for effective public administration. Plato was philosopher and a mathematician during the Classical Greece. He was also an influential figure in the philosophy of the West. Plato, in The Republic, declared that an ideal society ought to be run by a council of philosopher-kings (Plato & Cornford 22). Plato recommended that philosophers needed to do a thorough learning of the world prior to making their way into leadership at the age of fifty. According to Plato, the best form of political legitimacy constitutes the moral reordering of the whole society. Plato, thus, implied that moral societies are dedicated to returning to the best ways of doing things in order to be the best version through which the society can be idealistic and achieve perfect governance. Locke proposes that after the establishment of a social contract, the first act of the government is creating different branches of the government. Lock suggested that the optimum number of government branches should be three as this could ensure maximum peace and protection (Rawls & Freeman 53). When people are assured of their protection, there are high chances of increased productivity because there is no fear of security threats. Peace in a country is the primary determinant of security and protection; therefore, the government should strive to use its machinery to ensure prevalence of peace and tranquility in the states. The Republic by Plato is actually an investigation at the harmonic justice that should be afforded to human beings and the balance required to establish the moral health of the soul. Plato believed that search for political legitimacy is not streamlined since it constitutes a journey within using the models of ideal state,

Miscarriages of Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Miscarriages of Justice - Essay Example This happens because of inefficient procedures . Second, the laws that are applied to them. Third, for there is no information that justifies the applied treatment or punishment. Fourth, if suspects, defendants or convicts are handled unfavorably by the state to an unequal extent compared with the necessity to protect the rights of others; or, fifth, if the rights of other persons are not effectively or equally protected or defended by State action against law violators or, sixth, by State law itself(Greer, 1986). For, the six groups above revolve around themes of breach of rights of suspects and defendants, the disproportionate treatment of suspects/defendants or the non-vindication of the rights of victims, might be termed direct miscarriages. In addition, it may be possible to derive from their infliction a seventh, indirect miscarriage which affects the community as a whole. A belief coming out of deceit or illegalities will corrode the state's claims to legitimacy. For, this is founded on the community criminal justice system's values which includes as respect for individual rights. In this way, as well as the unwanted faith of the individual, the "moral integrity of the criminal process" suffers harm(McConville, 1994). Also, there could be a common detriment by way of diminished confidence in the vanguards of law and order leading to lesser active citizens aiding the police and a decrease in the number of jurors willing to convict even the glaringly "guilty".Definitely, it has been deba ted that this indirect form of miscarriage can exist independently as well as contingently in two respects. One is that a breach of "the principle of judicial legitimacy" should be of concern even if there is an accurate and fair determination of guilt or innocence. Secondly, it still produces great moral harm even if, so far as the individual is concerned, there is an error but no real harm is inflicted (say, when a person imprisoned for life is wrongfully convicted soon afterwards of a minor motoring offence). It is therefore argued that the State itself should avoid actions or processes which might damage the integrity of the system. Consistent with this concern, lawyers, whether acting for prosecution or defence, are reminded that they are not the ciphers of their clients but owe duties of integrity to the criminal justice system(Poole, 1998). Critical examination why gender related crime is important to understanding relevant policies of the criminal justice policyIn the article stated that the gender equality duty and the criminal justice system April 2007: The Gender Equality Duty comes in to force, the gender equality duty has been the biggest radical metamorphosis to sex to sex discrimination law for the past thirty years. It is also similar to the introduction in 2001 of a similar public sector race equality duty after the Stephen Lawrence Inquiry and the introduction of a disability equality duty in December 2006. Furthermore, Fawcett publications of the Fawcett Society had published two reports to support the implementation of the Gender Equality Duty in the criminal justice system: The responsibility to understanding the "understand your duty" section details how the law should affect the criminal just

Old Folks Homes Essay Example for Free

Old Folks Homes Essay When considering the nursing home option for parents or other loved ones, here are a few of the main advantages to keep to mind: †¢ Better resources and equipment: Private homes simply dont have the types of medical equipment and supplies needed to help seniors stay healthy. Many nursing homes are almost as advanced as hospitals in their ability to provide sophisticated care for patients on a 24-hour basis. †¢ High-quality long-term care: Due to modern medicine, seniors now live longer than ever. While were thankful for this, longer life-spans often come with longer periods of late-life illness and disability. Caring for a senior relative at home is often a long-term commitment of many years, sometimes requiring intensive care. †¢ Emergency response and 24-hour monitoring: Nursing homes are equipped to deal with emergencies and other sudden incidents. Internal call systems allow residents to contact staff at any time should something arise. These systems are monitored 24 hours, and experienced staff is always on hand to respond. Lighter emotional burden on family: When an elderly relative being cared for at home experiences suffering, a sudden emergency, or a decline in health, family members are liable to feel guilt and to wonder if they could have done more. Putting the elderly relative in the hands of professionals makes this issue nonexistent. †¢ Family can live their own lives: While we want to help our relatives as much as possible, we also must think of ourselves, our spouses, and our children. Caring for an elderly relative at home can be a time-consuming process for everyone involved, which may take time and energy away from careers, school, hobbies, family bonding, travel, and other important personal matters. If our elderly relative can be just as happy and healthy, if not more so, in a home, why not take the burden off of ourselves? †¢ Social opportunities: Socially, seniors need more than just family. At nursing homes, seniors are out in the world interacting with a variety of people. Other residents provide a chance to form new friendships with others in the same age group. Meanwhile, strong, personal relationships may also be developed with staff members. †¢ Activities: Nursing homes routinely provide the types of activities and, in some cases, outings that are specifically tailored to seniors, and which may not be available in private homes. Nursing homes usually provide movies, reading material, games, activities, and other types of events. In addition, they often have private gardens where residents can go for strolls, get resh air, and even do some gardening. The nursing home is a facility created with a precise role ,in the medical care for elderly . In this facility are admitted the patients discharge from hospital. After the discharge from the hospital,the recovery process continue for a period of time in the nursing home. Being equipped for physical therapy,and speech therapy,the patient with stroke has an appropriate place to recover. After surgery for fracture of the hip,the motor recovery is better than in home. For a limited period of time the admission in nursing home,can be handle by the family and aging patient,in the interest of both sides. Many times the family makes opposition at the recommendation for transfer from hospital to nursing home. Even today,we meet a misconception about the reputation of nursing homes. Everybody can be in the aging process candidate for admission as resident in nursing home. In these days when the younger people in the family are busy with their job and family,less and less make an effort to keep the elderly parent in home. For elderly parents,changing his environment can be devastating. I knew many aging people who were admitted in the nursing home , because the family,couldnt do an appropriate arrangement for them. Several aspects in the health status of admitted aging patient in nursing home,can be observed and avoided. In the majority of patients,was noted a clear refuse to be admitted in nursing home. If the patient was admitted,the emotional reaction was painful for the family and patient. The patient came withdrawn,refuse to communicate with staff. When the family came for visit,the patient hostility and lack of understanding of the family,aggravated their relationship. The patient develop feeling of abandon from the family. Sometimes they express paranoid manifestations,believing that the family wanted to take over their assets. The patient is unable to communicate with other residents in nursing home. Many times ,in their paranoid behavior,include the staff of nursing home. They believe that the family and the nursing home,conspire ,to steal the assets. Among the other changes in behavior and emotional status,often the other residents or staff,report:refuse to eat and drink,Decline to take the medication. Refuse to have the daily body care. Their sleep is also disturbed. In short period of time,the physical condition is deteriorating. Possibility to catch intra facility infections is very high possibility. These are only several aspects related to the elderly admitted in nursing home. The majority of statistics,showed that a patient admitted in this facilities,have a rate of survival shorter,comparatively with elderly living in their own residence. The best place to live is the residence where is well known for aging people. They know where are the daily tools used for grooming. Any changes in their environment can have emotional reaction. They can be confused,unable to behave like before,having premature manifestations of dementia. The family of elderly parents,have to be aware about all physical and mental changes of the aging parents. An appropriate care can avoid unpleasant situations and all consequences of changing the own residence with the nursing home.

How far did World War One effect the lives of people living in Britain between 1914 and 1918 Essay Example for Free

How far did World War One effect the lives of people living in Britain between 1914 and 1918 Essay Introduction How far did World War One effect the lives of people living in Britain between 1914 and 1918? World War One had many short-term effects on the people living in Britain between 1914 and 1918, some small and others large. However, I do not think that it had any large long-term effects, on Britain or on the people living in Britain at that time apart from on womens social standing. First I will look at large, short-term effects. D.O.R.A Or the Defense Of the Realm Act had quite a large-scale effect on Britain. It was also the cause of many other issues to be discussed in this essay, such as rationing. It originally began by allowing the government to control many aspects of the country completely; they could take over industries, factories and even people private land and houses for use in the war. They could also control how much people found out about the war through censorship. One of the first things the government did under DORA was to take control of the coal industry, and turn it towards helping the war effort, rather than putting money in private peoples pockets. During the war more changes were made, a lot of them affecting many aspects of peoples daily lives, under DORA people could not: Talk about military matters in public or spread rumors about military affairs anywhere Trespass on railways, bridges or allotments Fly kites or light bonfires or fireworks Buy binoculars Melt down gold or silver Give bread to dogs, chickens or horses Use invisible ink when writing abroad Buy whiskey or brandy in a railway refreshment room or a similar place Ring church bells As you can see there is a long list of things people were not allowed to do, as well as the government having the new powers already mentioned, the government also ordered for beer to be watered down, pub opening hours to be shortened and to not let people buy rounds or drinks in a pub. They also introduced the idea of putting the clocks forward by 1 hour during the summer, so that people could work longer while it was still light. These things altogether had quite a large short-term affect on the people of Britain, so much so that by the end of the war, people were used to the government controlling their lives completely, clearly this is something rather detrimental to Britain, it meant people could not always do what they wanted to do, restricting their right to free will. They could not fly kites, ring church bells, buy binoculars etc, and all of these smaller things, coupled with the larger things would have made a big difference to the people of Britain. I say D.O.R.A was a large short-term effect because at the end of the war, most of the acts passed under DORA were removed, the state no longer controlled buildings, or aspects of daily lives, apart from the new pub opening hours, which remained in effect until 1989, even though they were meant only for the war. DORA also had many other effects, which are in themselves issues to be discussed in this essay: Rationing Another example of Doras power can be seen in the form of rationing, because the government was able to take over and control land, they could take over farm land and turn its usage to producing what they wanted to be produced. They hired women to work the land (because men were away fighting), and did this in order to keep the country fed, but by 1917 the situation had become dire, German U-Boats were sinking one in every four of our supply ships, and there simply was not enough food for everyone to have exactly what they wanted. Food prices rose to double what they were in 1914, and since people had not asked for higher wages because they had wanted to support the war, they could not afford to pay. Rich people bought much more than they needed and hoarded it, whilst poorer people could not even afford to buy bread. Shops closed early because their stocks had run dry, and there were serious strikes over poverty level wages. The government then attempted to encourage people to economies on their food usage; leaflets, posters and articles were produced to try to get people to save as much food, particularly bread as possible. But none of their measures proved to be effective, so rationing was introduced, this meant that everyone had a set weekly allowance of food, comprising of sugar, meat, butter and beer, and they were issued with coupons that enabled them to get their set amount of food. As it turned out, by the end of the war, people were actually more healthy than they had been at the start, because they were eating a more balanced diet, the rich and the poor could only get the same amount of food as each other, so it also proved to be a much fairer method of supplying everyone in the country with enough food to live on. This was another short term affect, one under DORA, as once the war was over and the food supply was back to operational speed again, rationing ended and people were able to get as much, or as little food as they were able to before. Propaganda This will have had a much larger affect on the mind of the British citizen than any other effect of the war, although not being able to eat exactly what you wanted or do exactly what you wanted, these things were more physical when compared to propaganda, which had large physiological affects on people. DORA gave the government the right to control newspapers and other forms of media, in order to limit what the civilian population found out about the war. During the first few months of the war, where thousands of men were dieing in terrible ways, the government only reported good news, no reporter could go to France or to Belgium, and the control the government had was so incredibly totalitarian, they even kept the house of commons in the dark as to the full reality of the front line. For the first two years of the war most propaganda was rather crude, with many tales of British heroism and German atrocities, all highly patriotic, and completely supportive of the war. However as popular opinion changed the government had to adapt their propaganda strategies to cope with it. In 1916, appalling losses were being made at the battle of the Somme, with thousands of soldiers on both sides dieing daily, the government took this opportunity to attempt to show the people what the war was really like. What they filmed however was pre staged mock battles and scenes of soldiers going of the top bravely, and achieving much, they also showed pictures of dead and wounded men, something that had never been done before. This supposedly wakened a lot of people up to the harsh realities of the war, they were seeing so much that shocked and disgusted them, when really most of the footage was fake, and only half of the true story was being told. Propaganda was a powerful short term effect on what people thought of the war, it meant that because people did not know the full harsh reality of war, they kept on supporting it, it is likely that had the real story been told from the outset, the people may well have decided against the war. In its defense however, propaganda helped to keep the morale in Britain up when things were going badly, as the government could easily churn out a patriotic poster, or an awe inspiring leaflet. Below is a large effect, which had a lot more knock on effects than anything else. Women At War The countries male population had been severely reduced, because they were all out fighting on the front lines, so there were very few men left to farm, make munitions, and do all the other jobs that they used to do before the war, such as being a delivery driver. So women had to take over, the government formed the W.L.A or Womens Land Army, and women who signed up to this would work on farms around the country, planting, harvesting and looking after crops. They were also employed in industry, most commonly the munitions making industry, and as other forms of laborer. People found that the women were just as able to do the jobs as well as all the men were, and although they were not paid as high a wage as the men, the women found that they enjoyed working and earning a lot more money than they would have done in previous jobs, if they were employed at all. This was a much larger effect of the war, particularly as it led to women getting the vote in 1918 under the representation of the people act, they had proved they could do everything a man could do, and they had helped their country get through the war, although the right to vote was not given under equal terms until 1928, 10 years later, up until then only land owning women over 30 could vote. Women working in previously male jobs also led to help in the breakdown of the class system, because all women were involved, a rich land owner could be working on the field or in the factory right next to a poor dressmakers daughter. They found that it was possible to make friends with the lower classes, and most thoroughly enjoyed it. The same was happening to the male population, as all soldiers on the front line were equal unless they were higher up in the chain of command, so a rich man could find himself in a position of having his life saved by a poor lower class man, or vice versa. Some smaller, short-term changes Conscription A conscription act was issued in 1916, this stated that all men aged between 18 and 41 had to fight in the war, there was no option, because although at the start of the war they could not get people out to the front lines fast enough, as it carried on, the numbers of people wishing to lose their life for Haig and country began to dwindle, so conscription was the only thing that would ensure a steady flow of soldiers to be. After this all married men had to fight as well, and this then led to a huge shortage of workers in vital industries, which then led to women taking their places in the workplace, which then led to women getting the vote, and the eventual breakdown of the class system. Of course some people did not want to fight at all, even when they had to, these people were called conscientious objectors or conchies for short, however they did have to prove that they were really objecting to fighting for a reason of conscience, e.g. their religion or a deeply held belief that war is wrong. A lot of conchies were very badly treated, a lot were banded as criminals and placed in jail, some not even let out after the war was long over, and others could even be shot for being traitors. This was the first time conscription had been introduced in Britain, but like many other things, when the war finished, so did conscription. Conclusion There were many things that the First World War affected in Britain: food, the way people viewed the war, lively hoods and more were all altered in some way, most of the effects were temporary though, after the war they simply went away, and people went back to how it used to be before the war. All except for one effect, the way women had been treated before the war was as housewives and maids, fit only to do womens work at home, or at somebody elses home, they were thought of as the child bearers, and nothing much else. The war allowed women to prove they could be more than just that, after the war there were 400,000 less maids than there had been before it, women knew now that they could do whatever men could do, and do it well also. For their hard work, women won the vote, and eventually on equal terms as men, however, all did not change instantly, when the war finished many women went back to what they used to be doing, and the men came back to their old jobs as well, but I do not think this matters, as the ball had already been set rolling, women had proved that they were mans equals, and they could, and would do it again. I do not thing that World War One deserves to be called a Total War when compared to World War Two, although compared to previous wars such as the Boer war and the Napoleonic wars, World War One was the closest that had come to being a total war, people were much more involved in it than they ever had been before, there was conscription, bombing, women were commissioned to work in jobs previously only ever done by men, and the civilian population was being constantly bombarded by hundreds of propaganda messages. This was something people had never experienced before, never had a civilian felt so touched, so involved by the war, never had women worked in factories or had the vote, and civilians had never been bombed as they lay in bed before. Yet, compared to World War Two, WW1 was not total war, the bombing was really not at all severe, neither were the casualties, the weapons, the rationing or the everyday dangers when put next to World War Twos figures.

Image Steganography by Enhanced Pixel Indicator Method

Image Steganography by Enhanced Pixel Indicator Method Image Steganography by Enhanced Pixel Indicator Method Using Most Significant Bit (MSB) Compare Vijaya Raghava Kukapalli ,Dr.B. Tarakeswara Rao, Mr.B.Satyanarayana Reddy AbstractSteganography is one of the secure ways of protecting data. It provides secrete communication between user and client. The current paper presents an enhanced Pixel Indicator Method (PIM) by comparing three MSB bits at each pixel to embed the data. And we also use Blowfish algorithm to convert message into cipher text. By using the combination of these two techniques we can achieve greater complexity. Due to this mechanism proposed method makes the message difficult to be discovered with less distortion and embedding rates. Keywords: Steganography, Pixel Indicator, Blowfish, Distortions, Embedding Rates. INTRODUCTION Since the rise of the www (World Wide Web) one of the most important facts of Internet. Cryptography is one of the method through which we can achieve security. Two main methods of cryptography are encryption and decryption. By using these two techniques we can provide security for our secrete data. But there are some drawbacks in cryptography such as Brute-force attacks by which the intruders can identify the data. To avoid brute-force attacks it is necessary to have a larger key space [1]. And using Cryptanalysis the can extract the original data. Steganography is a technique to hide the secrete information. It I related to Cryptography is just about old technique. It was used by the Ancient Greeks to hide information from other troops. The word steganography I derived from the Greek word â€Å"stegos† meaning â€Å"cover† and â€Å"grapy† meaning â€Å"writing† defining as covered writing. Essentially information hiding is the main task of steganography. The embedding process creates a stego image which contains information. The basic method used to hide data in image is LSB technique. By using this technique we store the information in least significant bit of each pixel. One of the common encoding performed over the secret image before embedding is Huffman Encoding [2]. Steganography has two primary goals: 1) Security-It is the hidden data stored by either person or a computer.2) Capacity-It shows how much data can be hidden in a given cover image. These two goals are often in competition. As a result, steganography started to attract the attention of computer researchers and users. In fact, the goal of steganography is to hide the important information of communication by embedding the secrete data to transmit into a digital media file such as image or text files. OVERVIEW OF STEGANOGRAPHY Least Significant Bit (LSB) Method This is one of the most important and popular techniques of steganography. By this method, least significant bits of the pixel (in black white images) or colors are used to embed secret message bits. It is a good steganography mechanism since changes in a least significant bit yield few changes in the original image. The stego-image quality is improved by using LSB technique. In this technique, certain least significant bits of cover image are replaced with secrete data [3]. Suppose, for example, the by the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) with the numerical value as 01000111, is replaced with the following pixel values (the underlined bits represent the embedded bits): Pixel 1= (R=00011101, G=00111010, B=11001010) =>(R=00011100, G=00111011, B=11001010) Pixel 2= (R=01011001, G=10011011, B=11001110) =>(R=01011000, G=10011010, B=11001111) Pixel 3= (R=10010100, G=10101001, B=00110000) =>(R=10010101, G=10101001, B=00110000) The LSB approaches are divided into two fixed- and variable-length categories [4]. By the fixed-length methods, a given number of least significant bits of a byte are selected for embedding the data. In the variable-length method an assortment numbers of least significant bits of the proposed byte are chosen [5]. Cleanness and the pace of little changes in the portrait are the advantages of these techniques, while the disadvantage includes the chance of fast revealing. Pixel Indicator Process Adnan Gutub(2010)[6] in reference developed a method where a single color among three color components of a pixel was served as the pixel indicator; meaning that it indicates which colors in the pixel contains hiding bits of a secret message. Random values are selected for the indicator of each pixel, based on which message bits are placed in other colors of that pixel. The indicator uses two bits inserted inside two least significant bits of a specific color considered as the indicator. To increase the security of this technique, the color chosen as the pixel indicator is varied, so in the first pixel, Red is the indicator, Green is Channel 1, and Blue is Channel 2. For second pixel, Green is the indicator for pixel, Red and Blue act as Channel 1 and Channel 2, respectively. Finally, in third pixel, Blue is the indicator, while Red and Green act as Channel 1,Channel 2. The embedding of message is flowcharted in Figure 1.Pixel Indicator Embedding Process Because of the application of indicator; this method needs a wide space and, obviously, registration of color Figure 1: Pixel indicator embedding process The study uses the basic model of LSB swap along with Pixel Indicator and follows the same but with different think [7].Two such methods are described here: one with evade indicator and other with recurring indicator.LSB swap offers enhanced quality and capacity. On the words, confidential data is entrenched in data channels by modifying the cover image bits. In his propose method we first estimate the mean and standard deviation of every pixel if the entire image.The accidental traversing path is used for embedding to increase messiness .The representation for this study is given by the author. Before embedding process starts up, each cover image submits itself to control by means of translation of matrix and modulo [8].Hence the cover image undergoes successive alterations even before embedding. The plan of calculating mean and also standard deviation increases the difficulty of embedding rates. PROPOSED SOLUTION The study uses the primary concept of LSB swap along with Pixel Indicator and follows the same but with different methodology .The technique uses the MSB bit of RGB channels of a pixel. The channels can be choose in random (or) in sequence i.e. RGB, RBG etc soon [9] .However the indicated MSB bits are available at random based on image size, quality and its properties. The relationship between the hidden data in 3 channels is shown in Table 1. Indicator values based action. TABLE 1: INDICATOR VALUES BASED ACTION We have selected the indicator channels in sequence that is Red, Green and Blue. And then we find the MSB bit of each channel to know the bits. Once we got the bits we needed then we can perform the following process. The process of encryption and decryption takes place before hiding and after retrieving original information. During the encryption and decryption both sender and receiver uses same key/password. The encryption technique we used here is Blowfish which is having key length from 32 bits to 448 bits and it uses symmetric block cipher. Blowfish is developed in 1993 by Bruce Schneier as an alternative to existing algorithms. Blowfish algorithm [10] is a Feistel Network in which there are 16 rounds. In each round different sub keys are used. The block size is of 64 bits and key can be any length up to 448 bits. Figure-2: Flow chart for embedding data Algorithm for embedding Read the cover image(C) and secrete data to be embedded (D). Converting the secrete data into cipher text using BLOWFISH algorithm. Extract the length of the secrete data and store it in first 8 bytes. Divide each pixel into R, G, and B planes. And find the MSB bits of the 3 planes. By using the Tabel-1 select the channels where you want to store data. Repeat the process till all the secrete data is stored. Store the resultant stego image. Algorithm for Extraction Read the stego image. Split the pixel into RGB channels and find the MSB bit of each channel. Compare the retrieved bits with the Table 1 to find the channels that contain data. Now get the encrypted data and perform the decryption process to get original data. Repeat the process until the all data is retrieved. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The technique was implemented and tested in java. The technique accepts all mainly JPEG, PNG; BMP images of size 260Ãâ€"349.We can select a bmp image for testing the proposed Enhanced PIT algorithm. The PIT method is compared with the Stegoimage-1bit, Stegoimage-2bit, Stegoimage-3bit, Stegoimage-4bit. The approximate BMP image size used is 512 X 384 used to veil a text message of 11,733 characters length. The algorithm is used to hide 1-bit, 2-bits, to find the effect of transparency, security and capacity. Tests results showed different levels of diagrammatic inspections and histograms based study. For influence obligation the numbers of pixels used are recorded in each trial run. Figure 3: Original image Figure 4: Stego image Higher PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) [11] indicates that the steganography images are of high feature and does not hunt for the interest of the intruder because if zilch image artifacts. MSE (Mean Squared Error) and PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) are given by: MSE=)2 Where M, N=Dimensions of the image. Ci,j=The pixels in the original image. Si,j=The pixels of the stego image. PSNR=) DB Where, for color image =255. CONCLUSION The current paper provided a technique by exploiting differences made between colors to embed message bits in two least significant bits. Since color selection is based on color differences and values of variable N, the message will be hard to detect. Furthermore, as there is no need to insert additional information, changes in image will be small and image quality will be higher. Another important point to be mentioned is that embedding which is first applied on first least significant bits and, then, second least significant bits yields few changes in the original image for messages with small sizes. Because changes in second least significant bits will make more changes in color values. Therefore, it is likely to be avoided, unless this approach needs to be worked. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, I would like to be grateful Dr. B. Tarakeshwar Rao for his most support and encouragement. He benevolently read my paper and offered valuable meticulous advices on grammar, association, and the idea of the paper. Finally, I honestly thank to my parents and friends. REFERENCES [1] Enhanced chaotic key-based algorithm for low-entropy image encryptionYavuz, E.Yazici, R.Kasapbasi,M.C.Yamac, E.Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference(SIU),s201422ndDOI:10.1109/SIU.2014.6830246Publication Year: 2014, Page(s): 385 388 [2] A novelsteganographymethod forimagebased on Huffman EncodingDas, R.;Tuithung, T.Emerging Trends and Applications in Computer Science (NCETACS), 2012, 3rdNationalConference nDOI:10.1109/NCETACS.2012.6203290Publication Year: 2012, Page(s): 14 18. [3] Enhancing the Security and Quality ofLSBBased ImageSteganographyAkhtar, N.Johri,P.Khan,S.Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (CICN), 20135thInternationalConferenceonDOI:10.1109/CICN.2013.85Publication Year: 2013, Page(s): 385 390 [4] Potdar, Vidyasagar M., Song Han, and Elizabeth Chang,Finger printed secret sharing steganography for toughness against image crop attacks, INDIN05. 2005 3rd IEEE International Conference, 2005, pp. 717-724. [5] Lou, Der-Chyuan, and Jiang-Lung Liu, Steganographic method for secure communications, Computers Security 21, no. 5, 2002, pp. 449-460. [6] Gutub, Adnan, Mahmoud Ankeer, Muhammad Abu-Ghalioun, AbdulrahmanShaheen, and AleemAlvi, Pixel indicator soaring capacity performance for RGB image based Steganography, WoSPA 2008-5th IEEE International. [7] Evaluating image steganographytechniques: Future research challengesRoy, RatnakirtiChangder,Suvamoy;Sarkar,Anirban;Debnath,NarayanComputing, Management and Telecommunications (ComManTel), 2013 International Conference,onDOI:10.1109/ComManTel.2013.6482411 Publication Year: 2013, Page(s): 309 – 314. [8]Free vibration analysis of circular cylindrical shells using transfermatrixmethodGuanmoXieElectric Information and Control Engineering (ICEICE), 2011InternationalConferenceonDOI:10.1109/ICEICE.2011.5778195Publication Year: 2011, Page(s): 423 – 426. [9] RGBbased dual key imagesteganography Dagar, S.Confluence 2013: The Next Generation Information Technology Summit (4th International Conference)DOI:10.1049/cp.2013.2334Publication Year: 2013, Page(s): 316 320 [10] Security analysis ofblowfishalgorithmAlabaichi, A.;Ahmad, F.;Mahmod, R. Informatics and Applications (ICIA),2013 Second International Conference on DOI:10.1109/ICoIA.2013.6650222Publication Year: 2013, Page(s): 12 – 18. [11] Stego image quality and the reliability ofPSNRAlmohammad, A.;Ghinea, G. Image Processing Theory Tools and Applications (IPTA), 2010 2nd International Conference onDOI:10.1109/IPTA.2010.5586786Publication Year: 2010, Page(s): 215 – 220.

Homeless Children and the Educational System Essay -- Family Poor Pape

Homeless Children and the Educational System Many people still think of homeless transients as alcoholics and/or mentally disabled. The truth is, the current homeless population consists of runaway adolescents, single adult males or females, battered women and over one million homeless families with children – typically headed by a female parent. To be homeless means that one’s primary residence is a public or private shelter, emergency housing, hotel, motel, living with family or friends or any public space – like parks, automobiles, aqueducts or abandoned buildings (Pawlas, 1996). Statement of the Problem With the number of homeless students on the rise, schools encounter new educational challenges that include: establishing and maintaining enrollment procedures that would not discourage school attendance; lack of teacher-training/awareness in the special needs of homeless children; the non-existence of a school transfer system for homeless children that would be least destructive to a child's education, while all the time not overlooking the basic needs of food, clothing, shelter, security and medical care that homeless families with children require immediately. Framing Question Homelessness is now a major problem in the United States, with the growing population being homeless families or single mothers and their children. Due to the rapid growth and obvious presence (shelters, visibility) of homeless families in the United States – Are the legally mandated educational rights of homeless children being fulfilled? If so, how? If not, why not? Review of Literature The plight of homeless families with children was initially addressed in 1987. Congress passed the... ... http://www.ed.gov/database/Eric.Digest/ed308276.html Wells, Amy Stuart: Education Provisions of the McKinney Act (1989) http://www.ed.gov/database/Eric.Digest/ed.308276.html Wells, Amy Stuart: Problems Facing Local Educators (1989) http://www.ed.gov/database/Eric.Digest/ed.308276.html Eddowes, A (1994). Schools Providing Safer Environments for Homeless Children. Childhood Education Nunez, R., Collignon, K. (1997). Creating a Community of Learning for Homeless Children. Educational Leadership Pawles, G. West, G. Brookes, C. Russell (1994). A Safety Net for Homeless Students. Educational Leadership Rafferty, Y. (1998). Meeting the Educational Needs of Homeless Children. Educational Leadership Yon, M. (1994). Educating Homeless Children in the United States. Equity and Excellence in Education

The American Dream in F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby Essay exam

The American Dream in F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is a brilliant illustration of life among the new rich during the 1920s, people who had recently amassed a great deal of wealth but had no corresponding social connections. The novel is an intriguing account about love, money and life during the 1920s in New York. It illustrates the society and the associated beliefs, values and dreams of the American population at that time. These beliefs, values and dreams can be summed up to what is termed the 'American Dream'; a dream of money, wealth, prosperity, and the happiness that supposedly came with the booming economy and the get-rich-quick schemes that formed the essential underworld of the American upper-class society. This withering theme presents itself in the novel through many of its characters. The writing style throughout The Great Gatsby is terse and though the book is depressing at times, its overall message of hope and the American dream is inspiring. The story begins when Nick Carraway, a young man, moves to New York from the Midwest to join the bond business. There, he soon becomes acquainted with his wealthy neighbor Jay Gatsby, and they become good friends. Gatsby confides in Nick and tells him that he is in love with Nick?s cousin, the beautiful Daisy Buchanan. However, she is already married to the young and successful Tom Buchanan, who is unfaithful and has an affair with poor George Wilson?s wife. ?Daisy and Tom were sitting opposite each other at the kitchen table? They weren?t happy? yet they weren?t unhappy either? (Chapter 7, pg.148). Later, Nick arranges a meeting between Gatsby and Daisy but soon after, they became involved in a love affair. It is revealed that many years ago, Gatsby and Daisy were in love, but Daisy would not marry him because he was rather poor. Gatsby, however, made his fortune and became determined to win Daisy?s heart. ? [Gatsby] wanted to recover something, some idea of himself perhaps, that ha d gone into loving Daisy. His life had been confused and disordered since then, but if he could once return to a certain starting place and go over it all slowly, he could find out what that thing was? (Chapter 6,pg. 111-112). Towards the end of the story, however, Tom finds out about Gatsby and Daisy and a heated argument ensues. That fateful night, returning to th... ... intriguing way. [Gatsby] stretched out his hand desperately as if to snatch only a wisp of air, to save a fragment of the spot that she had made lovely for him? (Chapter 8, pg.153). Moving beyond style, the book pushes past the basic story line and becomes very symbolic. The characters, setting, and events that take place are all telling of the American dream in the twenties. It depicts people who let wealth determine their lives. It emphasizes how money and people?s desire for money can stand in the way of true happiness. The Great Gatsby realistically portrays both the best and the worst of human attributes and allows any reader to identify with the characters, no matter how far-fetched this might seem. F. Scott Fitzgerald?s novel is the epitome of the American literary accomplishment and a must read. In writing this novel, Fitzgerald achieved in showing future generations what the early twenties were like, and the kind of people that lived then. He did this in a beautifully written novel with in-depth characters, a captivating plot, and a wonderful sense of the time period. Works Cited: Fitzgerald, Scott F. The Great Gatsby. Simon and Schuster, New York. 1925.

Egyptian Mummification: It’s History, Purpose, and Process Essays

Egyptian Mummification: It’s History, Purpose, and Process The history and tradition of Egypt is one of the most greatly studied and admired of all past world civilizations. The lure of the pyramids and the specter of the sphinx have led many archeologists to dedicate his/her life to unraveling the mysteries of ancient Egyptian culture. Arguably, the most captivating aspect of Egypt’s past is that of mummification. Why did the Egyptians mummify their dead? What beliefs did the Egyptians have regarding the after life? What portion of the Egyptian civilization was mummified? What was the Book of the Dead? This is a mere sampling of the questions that come to my mind when I think of ancient Egyptian culture. I hope to lay forth answers to these questions and many more in the following pages dedicated to the history and purpose behind Egyptian mummification. Mummification, with its long, storied history, has allowed archeologists to peer into the daily lives and beliefs of ancient Egyptian middle-class and royalty. The practice of mummification by the Egyptians seems to have started sometime before 3100 BC. However, lack of written evidence or significant physical proof from this Predynastic period is available to either confirm or deny this. One of the oldest surviving mummies is Ginger, currently stored at the British Museum. Ginger was buried in a shallow grave and wrapped only in light cloth but due to the hot, dry desert he survived intact to discovery in the late 19th century (Andrews 5). Ginger’s name comes from the color of his hair, fragments of which are still attached to his body. Evidence from his discovery supports the belief that even at this early age the Egyptians believed in the afterlife. Tools and pottery we... ...ould be very thankful to the Egyptian people for leaving us this gift, which paints for us such a clear picture of their legacy. Works Cited Aldred, Cyril. The Egyptians. New York: Thames and Hudson Inc., 1984. Andrews, Carol. Egyptian Mummies. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1984. Budge, E.A. Wallis. The Mummy: A Handbook of Egyptian Funerary Archaeology. 2nd ed. Cambridge: University Press, 1925. Casson, Lionel. Ancient Egypt. New York: Time Incorporated, 1965. Editors of Time-Life Books. Egypt: Land of the Pharaohs. Alexandria: Time-Life Books, 1992. El Mahdy, Christine. Mummies: Myth and Magic. New York: Thames and Hudson Inc., 1989. Montet, Pierre. Eternal Egypt. New York: The New American Library of World Literature, Inc., 1964. Peck, William H. Splendors of Ancient Egypt. Ann Arbor: University Lithoprinters, Inc.,1997.

Shoe Polish Out of Banana Peelings

Producing Shoe Polish Cream Out of Banana Peelings A Science Investigatory Project conducted A Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement In Science IV Submitted to: Mr. Alfredo N. Sarabusab Submitted by: Ma. Judy Anne May T. Crisostomo Ma. Joy-mae O. Bongayan Ginalyn P. Billones Bacoor National High School – Main Tabing Dagat, Bacoor, Cavite i Abstract The Science Investigatory Project determines the possibility of the variety of banana peelings as shoe polish cream. Also read: How To Make Shoe Polish From CharcoalThis variety of banana feelings compared on each other, however the banana peelings of lacatan were the most effective. Then it was compared to the commercial shoe polish in terms of effectiveness using the acceptability test. And this test resulted that banana peelings as floor wax had no significant difference to commercial shoe polish. We therefore conclude that banana peelings of Lacatan showed potential to be an alternative shoe polish cream. ii Acknowledgement First, we would like to thank the Almighty God for the guidance and lessings that he gave us for to accomplish this project. We would also thank our parents that gave their support and permission in whenever we are doing this project. To our fellow classmates, Nico Solitana and Harold Huet, in helping and gave us some suggestion and information about in our project. And lastly, we would like to give our warm gratitude to our teacher in Physics, who gave way for us to accompl ish and finish our project successfully. iii Table of Contents Title page†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ii Acknowledgement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. iii Table of Contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. iv CHAPTER I: THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1 Background of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Statement of the Problem†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Hypothesis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Significance of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Scope and Delimitation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Definition of Terms†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Related Literature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Related Studies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY Methodology Flow Chartà ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Research Design†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CHAPTER IV: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CHAPTER V: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Summary of Findings†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Recommendation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Appendices†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Bibliography †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..